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Indicators of R&D expenditure in selected OECD and other countries in 2002

	R&D  expenditure	Proportion of R&D expenditure  in OECD area	GDP share of  R&D expenditure	Business enterprises' proportion of  R&D expenditure	Percentage of  R&D expenditure  financed by government***
	USD Mill.(PPP)	%	%	%	%
EU-15	191,451	29.5	1.9	64.4	*34.1
Germany	53,972	8.3	2.5	69.4	31.5
France	36,618	5.6	2.2	62.2	*36.9
United Kingdom	31,037	4.8	1.9	67.0	26.9
Italy*	16,351	2.5	1.1	49.1	**51.3
Sweden*	10,221	1.6	4.3	77.6	21.0
Spain	9,387	1.4	1.0	54.6	39.1
Netherlands*	8,683	1.3	1.9	58.3	36.2
Belgium*	6,053	0.9	2.2	73.7	21.4
Finland	4,761	0.7	3.5	69.9	26.1
Austria	4,499	0.7	1.9	**63.6	40.9
Denmark	3,962	0.6	2.5	69.3	*28.0
Portugal	1,775	0.3	0.9	34.4	*61.0
Ireland*	1,317	0.2	1.2	69.7	**22.6
Greece*	1,210	0.2	0.7	32.7	46.9
Luxemburg**	363	0.1	1.7	92.6	7.7
Other OECD countries
United States	277,100	42.7	2.7	70.2	30.2
Japan	106,838	16.5	3.1	74.4	18.2
South Korea	23,550	3.6	2.9	74.9	25.4
Canada	18,163	2.8	1.9	55.2	33.3
Australia**	7,810	1.2	1.5	47.5	45.7
Switzerland**	5,507	0.8	2.6	73.9	23.2
Turkey**	2,910	0.4	0.6	33.4	50.6
Norway	2,694	0.4	1.7	57.4	*39.8
Poland	2,434	0.4	0.6	21.4	61.1
Czech Republic	2,001	0.3	1.3	61.1	42.1
Hungary	1,445	0.2	1.0	35.5	58.6
Slovakia	381	0.1	0.6	64.3	44.1
Iceland	253	0.0	3.1	57.2	*34.0
OECD total	648,988	100.0	2.3	68.0	29.9
Other countries
China	72,014	.	1.2	61.2	**33.4
Russia	14,734	.	1.2	69.9	58.4
Taiwan	12,194	.	2.3	62.2	35.2
Israel	6,294	.	4.7	73.0	**25.0

Part of data preliminary or estimates
* Data from 2001
** Data from 2000
*** Proportion of public administration in R&D funding of universities, research institutes and business enterprises. Not including public loans.

Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators vol. 1/2004; NIFU.

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Last updated 30.1.2006